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Title:	Indigenous child health in Brazil: the evaluation of impacts as a human rights issue
Authors:	Coates, Anna R. Marchito, Sandra del Pino Vitoy, Bernardino
Affilliation:	World Health Organization. Pan American Health Organization. Washington, DC, USA. World Health Organization. Pan American Health Organization. Washington, DC, USA. Organização Mundial da Saúde. Organização Pan‑Americana da Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Abstract:	Improving the health status of indigenous children is a long-standing challenge. Several United Nations committees have identified the health of indigenous peoples as a human rights concern. Addressing the health of indigenous children cannot be separated from their social, cultural, and historic contexts, and any related health program must offer culturally appropriate services and a community perspective broad enough to address the needs of children and the local worlds in which they live. Evaluations of programs must, therefore, address process as well as impacts. This paper assesses interventions addressing indigenous children’s health in Brazil, ranging from those explicitly targeting indigenous children’s health, such as the targeted immunization program for indigenous peoples, as well as more generalized programs, including a focus upon indigenous children, such as the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. The paper discusses the tensions and complexities of ethnically targeted health interventions as well as the conceptual and methodological challenge of measuring the processes employed and their impact. The lessons learned, especially the need for countries to more systematically collect data and evaluate impacts using ethnicity as an analytical category, are drawn out with respect to ensuring human rights for all within health sector responses.
Keywords:	Atenção à Saúde Brasil Índios Sul-Americanos Saúde de Populações Indígenas Saúde da Criança Programas Nacionais de Saúde
DeCS:	Atenção à Saúde Brasil Saúde de Populações Indígenas Índios Sul-Americanos Saúde da Criança Políticas Públicas de Saúde
Issue Date:	2016
Publisher:	Harvard University Press
Citation:	COATES, Anna R.; MARCHITO, Sandra del Pino; VITOY, Bernardino. Indigenous child health in Brazil: the evaluation of impacts as a human rights issue. Health and Human Rights, v. 18, n. 1, p. 221-234, June 2019.
ISSN:	1079-0969
Copyright:	open access
Appears in Collections:	AS - Artigos de Periódicos

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